In Canada, you cannot legally buy a firearm or ammunition without a valid Possession and Acquisition Licence (PAL). The good news: the process is well-defined, and thousands of Canadians complete it every year. Here is the path from zero to licensed.
Step 1: Take the Safety Course
Everyone starts with the Canadian Firearms Safety Course (CFSC) for a non-restricted PAL. If you also want handguns and other restricted firearms, take the Canadian Restricted Firearms Safety Course (CRFSC) as well. Both are taught by RCMP-certified instructors and combine classroom instruction with hands-on handling.
Step 2: Pass the Tests
Each course ends with a written exam and a practical test covering safe handling, the vital ACTS and PROVE safety rules, storage, and transport. You must pass both to receive your course report, which you'll need for your application.
Step 3: Apply to the RCMP
Submit your PAL application to the RCMP Canadian Firearms Program with your course results, references, and the required background information. Applications include a mandatory screening period, so plan for several weeks of processing.
Step 4: Background Screening
The Canadian Firearms Program conducts eligibility and background checks before issuing your licence. A valid PAL is renewable every five years.
Key Takeaways
- CFSC is required for non-restricted; add the CRFSC for restricted firearms
- You must pass both a written and a practical test
- Applications include a mandatory screening period — apply early
- OneTactics runs certified CFSC and CRFSC courses to get you started
This article is general information, not legal advice. Consult the RCMP Canadian Firearms Program for authoritative, up-to-date requirements.